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Shipwrecks of Sable Island, Nova Scotia

    Sable Island, Nova Scotia, emerging from the Atlantic Ocean along the Gulf Stream, serves as a critical landmass for Trans-Atlantic vessels to avoid before they can safely continue of their voyages to the east, west or into Halifax.

    Located 180 miles east south east of Halifax, Sable Island (not to be confused with Cape Sable Island, in Shelburne County) is a 30-mile long sand bar with drifting sand bars that extend submerged far off the east and west ends.

  Often enveloped in fog, the waters of Sable Island pose significant navigation hazards due to the shifting Gulf Stream.

  The Gulf Stream flows from the Straits of Florida, passing Cape Cod before veering east towards Ireland. The current is so powerful that it has carried several abandoned vessels from the

the waters off Canada to a single beach in Ireland.

    In winter, the Gulf Stream stays offshore to the south of Sable Island. In summer, it shifts closer to the island. Its force is so strong that vessels sailing along its northern edge can be pushed northward off course up to 100 miles
and directly into the rocky shores of Nova Scotia.

        A few of the hundreds of vessels lost on Sable Island include:

    1583.08.29 - British HMS DELIGHT - 120 ton - stranded - Sir Humphrey Gilbert Expedition - lost 85 crew
    1593. --. --  - Spanish ship stranded leaving 40 conflicts on island - only 12 alive after 7 years
    1633. --. --  - American vessel MARY & JANE stranded
    1714.11.--   - French ship ST. JEROME - 300 ton - stranded in storm
    1737.07.17 - British snow CATHERINE - 110 ton - stranded - lost ~100 of 200
    1746.09.14 - French vessels (5) stranded in storm - part of Duc D'Anville's Fleet
    1799.12.22 - British HMS FRANCIS - 280 ton - stranded - looting resulted in Life-Saving Station on Island
    1801.12.16 - American ship HANNAH & ELIZA - 231 ton - stranded - rescued by James Morris, Superintendent
    1804. --. --  - Danish ship STARK ODDER stranded after mutiny & murder - lost 65 of 70
    1810.10.24 - British brig ADAMANT stranded in storm
    1812.09.27 - British HMS BARBADOES - 755 ton - stranded in storm
    1822.05.16 - French frigate L'AFRICAINE stranded
    1854.11.26 - American ship ARCADIA - 715 ton - stranded in fog - 170 rescued by Life-Saving Station
    1894.07.30 - British barque NICOSIA - 1,094 ton - stranded in fog
    1898.04.17 - British barque CROFTON HALL - 2,040 ton - stranded
    1905.01.31 - British steamer SKIDBY - 3,703 ton - stranded
    1927.08.24 - American schooner COLUMBIA - 152 ton - stranded - all 23 lost (racing rival of BLUENOSE)
    1945.12.12 - American trawler GALE - 320 ton - stranded
    1947.07.04 - Panamania steamer MANHASSET - 1,094 ton - stranded
    1999.07.27 - Canadian yacht MERRIMAC - 40 foot - stranded

      References:
    Canadian Sessional Papers - Marine Branch - Annual List of Wrecks (1870? to 1936?)
    Transport Canada - Transportation Safety Board Statement of Shipping Casualties (1896+)
    Lloyd's Register of Shipping, Casualty Returns (1890 to 1976)
    Customs Canada - Port of Registry Records - Atlantic Ports (1778 to 1920?)
    Nova Scotia Newspapers (various) - (1769+)
    Chart and Description of Sable Island - Joseph Darby (1824)
    Sable Island: It's Past History... - J. Bernard Gilpin (1858)
    Sable Island - Graveyard of the Atlantic - poster (1972)
    Sable Island Shipwrecks - George T. Bates - posters - (196x)
    Sable Island - Fatal and Fertile Crescent - Lyall Campbell (1974)
    Shifting Sands (Sable Island) - Jack Zinck (1979)
    Sable Island - Bruce Armstrong (1981)
    Island Keepers (Scatarie Island & Sable Island) - Allison Mitchell (1989)
    Sable Island Shipwrecks - Lyall Campbell (1994)

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